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贺嗣昌(1920—1995)字君慈。河北三河人。中国美术家协会会员,擅长工艺美术。1944年毕业于京华美术学院国画系、1949年毕业于华北大学艺术干部训练班,分配到华北大学美术供应社任美术设计,后改为地方 美术供应社。1956年调入国务院对外文明 联络委员会任美术设计。“文革”中下放到农村,前后 在北关村工艺美术厂和三河县外贸局负责美术设计和鉴定工作。1983年退休,1995年5月卒于三河。
贺嗣昌系中国美术家协会会员,擅长工艺美术设计和工笔画创作。1949年9月21日,全国政协第1 届全体会议正式确定曾连松设计的5 星红旗图样为中华人民共和国国旗。随后,贺嗣昌接到了地方 美院领导的通知:参与中华人民共和国国旗标准化设计和制造 。这对于参加工作不久的年轻人,无疑是1 种高度信任,同时也是1 项严肃的政治任务和非同寻常的艺术创作。如何制造 这面神圣的旗帜,是1 项极其细致、技艺性极强的工作。既要精确 体现地方 领导的唆使 精神和创作主旨 ,反映大国气象和包容万象的胸怀 ,又要有民族特色和情势 美感,特别 是5 颗星的地位 、大小、角度、距离都要恰到好处,过于居中显刻板,过于游离又有失平衡。贺嗣昌和他的合作者们殚精竭虑,冥思苦想,查找材料 ,反复进行设计,多方面咨询 意见,观摩研讨,几易其稿,令人满意和得到充分肯定的第1 面5 星红旗终究 诞生了,当她高高飘扬在天安门广场上空时,贺嗣昌和他的同事们非常 兴奋和激动:她将在联合国和世界各地民现英姿,昭示着睡狮的觉醒,巨龙的腾飞,中国人挺直了腰杆。神州处处红旗招展,每1 个人都享用 到沉浸在母亲的怀抱中的温馨和幸福。
1950年秋,贺嗣昌又接到了新的任务:为隆重庆祝建国第1 个国庆节,制造 天安门城楼的国徽。贺嗣昌成为包括梁思成、张仃、高庄、张光宇等当时在国内外有巨大影响的精英集团中的1 员,这比国旗标准化制造 的任务更加艰巨。国徽是1 个国家的标识,她既要表明国家权力的性质和取向,体现领导集团的执政主旨 和理念,又要有完善 的情势 感和民族特征,成为不朽的艺术品。国徽标准化制造 过程,就是二度创作过程,既要充分尊重原始平面设计,深刻理解和读懂创作思想和寓意,又要有刻意求变的细节处理。贺嗣昌恭敬凝视着设计图案:情势 庄严富丽,全体 呈圆形,表示团结、和谐、美满 。两头 显要地位 的天安门表明这是“5 四”运动的发源地,是举行开国大典的盛大场所,是新的民族灵魂的意味 ,是有着几千年历史的文明古国。上部的5 星是国旗的再现和强调,四周的齿轮、谷穗分别代表工人阶级和农民阶级,装潢 带表示团结、统1 。贺嗣昌沉思着:国徽的制造 承载着1 个时代、1 个民族、1 个国家的重托,凝聚着领袖的厚爱和期望,将接受中华儿女的审定,还将向世界展现 新中国的尊严和智慧。具体制造 紧张有序的进行着,大家以“焚膏油以继晷”的拼搏精神,从绘制大样、上彩,每1 个环节都精益求精、1 丝不苟,特别 是雕饰和上彩是国徽全体 气韵和臀部艺术效果的关键所在。细节决定成败。首先要突出天安门城楼和5 星,寥寥几笔要把天安门城楼庄严高耸 的气势表达精确 ,操刀要坚挺无力 ,线条要灵动而凝炼,虽为写意,又不失真实,蕴艺术性于装潢 性当中 。小星向上的1 角与大星向下的角不能尖锋绝对 又不可过于倾斜,分寸的把握相当 重要;齿轮的中心点也是天安门和大星向上角的纵向中心线,1 丝不可偏离;谷穗的处理,灵活而富有变化,每1 颗嘉禾子粒 都不尽相反 又保持统1 ,在不影响全体 工艺装潢 效果的同时又保持变化中的和谐,而和谐是的美的真理 ;下垂的帏幔又从全体 外形上调整了过于严谨的刻意,加强了不变 效果。经过了几十个日日夜夜的奋战,1 尊直径2米的木质国徽告竣,受到毛主席、周总理、朱委员长等党和国家领导人的肯定和称赞。于国庆节前夕挂上天安门城楼,向党和人民交了1 份满意的答卷。贺嗣昌也因而 获得了共和国国庆筹备委员会颁发的金质奖章。
此外,他还参与了多项严重 设计和会场布置工作,如我国第1 任出国大使携带的国书、护照,党旗的标准化设计,开国大典天安门城楼会场,“5 1 ”劳动节庆祝大会会场,香山孙中山纪念堂,北京鲁讯博览会 ,第1 次莱比锡国际博览会,亚洲妇女代表大会和孟买国际工业博览会的设计布置,都凝聚了他的血汗 和汗水。
He Sichang (1920, 1995) word Jun Ci. 3 river people of Heibei. Chinese artist academician, be good at arts and crafts. Was graduated from traditional Chinese painting of capital academy of fine arts 1944 is, was graduated from training class of cadre of art of China north university 1949, allocate art of China north university to supply a company to hold the post of artistic design, hind art supplies a company in the center of instead. Committee of contact of the culture outside transferring into the State Council is opposite 1956 holds the post of artistic design. "Culture Revolution " in transfer to a lower level reachs a village, close a village in north early or late factory of arts and crafts and bureau of foreign trade of 3 rivers county are in charge of artistic design and appraisal job. Emeritus 1983, in May 1995 soldier Yu Sanhe.
He Sichang fastens Chinese artist academician, be good at arts and crafts is designed and be versed in strokes is created. On September 21, 1949, the first plenary session decides countrywide the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference formally to ever connected the design of the Five-Star Red Flag of loose design to be ensign of People's Republic of China. Subsequently, he Sichang received the announcement that the beautiful courtyard central leads: Participate in ensign of People's Republic of China to standardization is designed and be made. This to having a job before long youth, it is accredit of a kind of height undoubtedly, the political task that also is a gravity at the same time and the art that are different from common are created. How to make this divine stand, it is the job with extremely strong sex of an extremely meticulous, craft. Want already accurate the demonstrative spirit that reflects central lead and creation tenet, atmosphere mixes reflective big country include the mind of every phenomenon, want to have ethical characteristic and formal aesthetic feeling again, especially the position of 5 stars, size, angle, distance wants proper, too be placed in the middle is shown inflexible, too free has again lose a balance. He Sichang and his co-worker people Lv of exhaust essence exhaust, think hard, search a data, undertake designing repeatedly, opinion of many sided consult, delibrate of view and emulate, a few easy its stalk of grain, satisfactory was born eventually with the Five-Star Red Flag of one side that gets sufficient affirmation, when her high and flying in Tiananmen Square in the sky when, he Sichang and his work in the same placing are clinking excitement and excited: She will be in U.N. and world each district civilian shows heroic bearing, declare publicly is worn sleep the arousal of lion, of megalosaurus fly, the Chinese is erect back. China everywhere red flag flutter, each person enjoys the warmth that is enmeshed in maternal bosom and happiness.
1950 autumn, he Sichang received new job again: The Chongqing that it is grand wishs to found a state the first National Day, the national emblem of a tower over a city gate of the Tian An Men that make. He Sichang is become include Liang Saicheng, Zhang Ding, Gao Zhuang, Zhang Guangyu to wait to be in one of the elite group that has tremendous effect domestic and internationally at that time, the task that this makes than ensign standardization is more formidable. National emblem is the label of a country, she should make clear the property of national authority and orientaton already, reflect those who head a group to be in office tenet and concept, want to have perfect formal sense and ethical feature again, become immortal artwork. National emblem standardizes the process that make, it is process of 2 degrees of creation, want to respect primitive and planar design adequately already, understand deeply and understand creation thinking and implied meaning, should have again beg the detail processing that change painstakingly. Respect of congratulate heir prosperous is staring blueprint case: The form is majestic richly, whole shows a circle, express solidarity, harmonious, satisfactory. The Tian An Men of intermediate important niche shows this is " 54 " athletic birthplace, it is the royal place that holds founding ceremony, be new ethical spirit is indicative, it is the civilization ancient state that having history of a few chiliad. The emersion that the 5 stars of upside are ensign and emphasize, the gear all around, Gu Sui represents the working class and farmer class respectively, cummerbund expresses solidarity, unified. He Sichang is brooding: Of national emblem make bearing the weight of the great trust of an an a times, nation, country, condensing the deep love of cacique and expectation, what will accept China children is authorized, return the dignity that will show new China to the world and wisdom. The specific insecurity that make is undertaking in order, everybody with " burn cream oil as shadow cast by the sun with afterwards " go all out in work spirit, from scale full-page proof, go up colour, each link is excelsior, meticulous, vulture is acted the role of and go up especially the crucial place that colour is charm of gas of national emblem whole and coxal and artistic effect. Detail decides success or failure. Should highlight Tian An Men above all a tower over a city gate and 5 stars, very few a few want a gate tower of Tian An Men the imposing manner expression of majestic lofty is accurate, hold a knife to want strong and strong, line wants clever and coagulate refine, although be freehand brushwork in traditional Chinese painting, do not break again true, accumulate artistic quality at decorating a gender in. Little bit up the horn that one horn and big star are down cannot needle sharp edge is opposite cannot too tilt, the assurance of proper limits for speech or action is crucial; The center of gear also is Tian An Men and big star up fore-and-aft center line of horn, cannot deviate; Gu Sui's processing, agile and rich change, bead of seed of each fine standing grain is endless and identical keep unified again, affecting the harmony in change carrying again while integral craft decorates the effect, and harmonious yes beautiful essence; Flagging curtain was adjusted from integral appearance again too rigorous painstakingly, enhanced stable result. Passed a few day day and night of night fight bravely, one honour diameter be completed of 2 meters woodiness national emblem, get Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou, bright red the affirmation of the party such as the chairman and national leader and praise. Hang a tower over a city gate of Tian An Men at National Day eve, made a satisfactory exam paper to party and people. The golden qualitative medal that He Sichang also won republican National Day to prepare committee to issue accordingly.
In addition, he still participated in multinomial and grand design and assembly room to assign the job, be like the credential of our country that allows ambassador going abroad is carried, passport, the standardization of party flag is designed, assembly room of a tower over a city gate of founding ceremony Tian An Men, "51 " labor day celebrates congress assembly room, memorial hall of sweet hill Sun Zhongshan, exhibition of Beijing rash dispatch, first time Lai compares stannic international exposition, the design of Asian woman congress and exposition of Bombay international industry is decorated, condensed his painstaking effort and sweat.
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